Power Systems Engineering
August 17, 2008 at 1:05 pm | In 1 | 2 CommentsTags: Electrical, Electronics, Engineer, Engineering, power, Quality, Systems
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In many regions of the world, governments maintain an electrical network that connects a variety electric generators together with users of their power. This network is called a power grid. Users purchase electricity from the grid avoiding the costly exercise of having to generate their own. Power engineers may work on the design and maintenance of the power grid as well as the power systems that connect to it. Such systems are called on-grid power systems and may supply the grid with additional power, draw power from the grid or do both.
Power engineers may also work on systems that do not connect to the grid. These systems are called off-grid power systems and may be used in preference to on-grid systems for a variety of reasons. For example, in remote locations it may be cheaper for a mine to generate its own power rather than pay for connection to the grid and in most mobile applications connection to the grid is simply not practical.
Today, most grids adopt three-phase electric power with alternating current. This choice can be partly attributed to the ease with which this type of power can be generated, transformed and used. Often (especially in the USA), the power is split before it reaches residential customers whose low-power appliances rely upon single-phase electric power. However, many larger industries and organizations still prefer to receive the three-phase power directly because it can be used to drive highly efficient electric motors such as three-phase induction motors.
Comment by Electronic Engineering — October 3, 2008 #
Our energy future – creating a low carbon economy
UK goals -
•Cutting CO2 emissions by 60% by 2050
•Affordable heating for all homes
•Maintain reliability of energy supplies
•Promote competitive energy markets
Ensuring future security of supply
Work underway in a number of areas;
•Ensuring indigenous oil and gas resources are fully exploited
•Increasing contribution of renewable energy sources
•International co-operation
The Market Approach
•Market framework set by Government
•An independent regulator
•Separation of transmission from production and supply
•Regulation of any remaining monopoly infrastructures
•Open market competition
Market changes
Since competition was introduced –
•38% of domestic gas and electricity consumers have moved away from former monopoly suppliers.
•Average domestic gas prices decreased by 6%
•Average domestic electricity prices decreased by 11%
•Industrial gas prices decreased by 25%
•Industrial electricity prices decreased by 48%
Publicly-owned Monopoly Approach
•Benefited from central control and economies of scale
But suffered from;
•inflexibility
•complacency
•declining innovation
•higher prices
Progress in the EU
•Package of legislation on Liberalisation of the Internal Market adopted in June 2003.
New legislation
•Directives on security of Gas and Electricity supply
•Regulation on harmonisation of cross-border trade in gas.
Comment by Matthews Bantsijang — June 12, 2009 #